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Narcolepsy is a continuing upset characterized by excessive day somnolence . The intellect for the sopor attacks is because the brain has tighten hypocretin cells , which communicate signaling on alertness . This is assign to by an autoimmune reply , where the immune system mistakenly destruct the intelligent hypocretin cellular telephone .
Are There Different Levels Of Narcolepsy?
There are two major levels of narcolepsy , which are differentiated by the presence ofcataplexy . Narcolepsy with cataplexy is referred to as type 1 narcolepsy whereas narcolepsy without cataplexy is case 2 narcolepsy . People living with narcolepsy in general know sudden sleep onset , sopor paralysis , overpowering weariness and automatic behavior among other symptom .
Type 1 Narcolepsy
character 1 narcolepsy is narcolepsy with cataplexy . This is a floor of narcolepsy where the mortal experience a sudden loss of muscle smell while a person is awake . As a result , the individual can have weakness on the affect muscle and even suffer brawn command . For example , buckling of knees and drooping of eyelids at defective , one may have a total body flop and experience difficultness in oral communication and walk . The sudden red ink of muscle tone , i.e. cataplexy , can be triggered by warm emotions includinglaughter , anger , stressand even reverence . The onset of cataplexy can take weeks or years after overweening daytime sleepiness start . Cataplexy attack can last for a few seconds up to a few minutes and usually settle right away without any drastic essence . While this kind of narcolepsy can be frightening , the good thing is that one does not drop off their consciousness . to boot , patients with this level of narcolepsy have low levels of hypocretin.(1 )
Type 2 Narcolepsy
Type 2 narcolepsy is unlike from type 1 narcolepsy in that patients do not exhibit symptoms of cataplexy . This means that somebody do not experience sudden abbreviated muscle weakness , especially after an episode of strong emotion . It calculate for about 30 % of narcolepsy cases . In addition to that , they have less severe symptoms compared to patient diagnosed with narcolepsy with cataplexy . Regardless of having normal stage of hormone hypocretin , individuals still experience overweening daytime sleepiness .
This is a minor type of narcolepsy which develop in individuals who have had an injury to the hypothalamus region . The hypothalamus is located deep in the region and helps in regulating slumber . So , if it has been damaged , a person may experience sleep problems which may include the excessive daylight nap and unfitness to kip well at nighttime and requiring more than 10 minute of sleep per Nox . Other than that , patients with subaltern narcolepsy may have neurologic job depend on the extent of injury.(1 )
Clinically , the specific level of narcolepsy can be diagnose by carrying out alumbar puncturetest to determine hypocretin level in the cerebrospinal fluid ( CSF ) . If level are less than 110pg / mL , then an individual has typewrite 1 narcolepsy , even without cataplexy . Another test that can be carry is the multiple sleep latency tests for excessive daylight drowsiness . The examination involve a stock subroutine over a 2 - minute point with four or five nap opportunity . A patient with narcolepsy will fall asleep in less that 8 minute with REM sleep hap within 15 minutes , in at least two of the nap chance . Type 2 narcolepsy will be diagnosed if the patient has normal levels of hypocretin in CSF and if multiple sleep latency test results are confident . Individuals with character 2 narcolepsy can be name with type 1 thereafter if and only if they develop cataplexy and their hypocretin levels become abnormal.(2 )
Conclusion
by and large talk , individuals with either eccentric of narcolepsy exhibit even symptom of narcolepsy . This is ; unreasonable day sleepiness , disconnected Nox quietus , quick transition to REM sleep , hallucinations , sleep paralysis , and automatic behavior . The major differences between the two are cataplexy – the sudden passing of muscle look . the great unwashed with the different levels of narcolepsy also have unlike storey of hypocretin ( orexin ) levels . masses with character 1 narcolepsy have a deficiency in hypocretin or low level whereas those with case 2 have normal story of narcolepsy .
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