Cirrhosis is a chronic and irreversible chronic liver disease , characterized by the front of fibrosis and the formation of positive feedback nodule , which lead to an alteration of the vascular architecture , as well as liver function . It represents the net microscope stage of numerous diseases that affect the liver . Regardless of the etiology of liver damage , cellular mechanisms that conduct to cirrhosis are vernacular .
The stellate or perisinusoidal prison cell has been implicated in the initiation and maintenance of the fibrotic changes that ultimately conduce to cirrhosis .
As consequences of these histological changes suffered by the liver , there are two symptoms or clinical manifestations of cirrhosis : hepatocellular insufficiency and portal hypertension .
Can Decompensated Cirrhosis Be Reversed?
The opening of do a specific therapy on the aetiology of cirrhosis is limited , since it is relatively frequent that the disease is name when it is already advanced .
In the case of alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver , it is of import that the patient abandons the alcoholic drink , although alas this does not mean the remittance of the disease ; a similar situation is also presented for cirrhosis of the liver of viral origin . The effect of specific therapy such as antivirals ( hepatitis B and C in early stages prior to the development of cirrhosis ) , D - Cuprimine to chelate bull ( Wilson ’s disease ) , immunosuppressor ( cirrhosis of the liver of autoimmune beginning ) and ursodeoxycholic acid ( cirrhosis due to acholia ) , is quite limited , and is even contraindicate in viral cirrhosis of the liver once the diagnostic check by biopsy is obtain . repose and a diet for patient with liver disease are counsel :
It is of import to keep off the land of malnutrition , being able-bodied to value the introduction of vitamin composite in vitrine there are deficiency states , primarily vitamins B , C , K and folic Elvis . Hepatoprotectors are not necessary .
In any caseful , the classical therapy of cirrhosis is liver organ transplant .
presently the survival of transplanted patients after 5 twelvemonth stand at 80 % . However , we must not block that the surgical risk in the cirrhotic patient , and especially the abdominal surgery necessary for the transplantation , it is elevated , which means that surgery must be reserved for situations in which its non - actualization carry a deadly risk for the patient role . It is underlying , therefore , to optimize the treatment of patients with cirrhosis , both to improve their calibre of life story and to forestall more serious complication and belittle the risks of liver organ transplant .
There are clearly distinguished two phase angle of the disease , whose chronology and prognostic marking are unlike : compensated cirrhosis of the liver and decompensated cirrhosis of the liver .
In relation to the medical prognosis , compensated cirrhosis can develop decompensated , while the declension of the latter head to increased hazard of end . With regard to compensated cirrhosis , the most striking is its oligosymptomatic character , with the presence of nonspecific symptoms . At 10 yr , the survival of affected role who remain in this phase angle is close to 80 % . The presence of portal high blood pressure in this phase is view a predictive factor of deathrate .
The appearance of ascites , variceal haemorrhage , hepatic brain disease and acerbity marks the beginning of the decompensated phase . When the disease evolves until reaching this stage , the survival of patients after the 10 twelvemonth is at 7 % . The forecast of some of the complications of cirrhosis of the liver , as is the guinea pig with esophageal varices , has meliorate notably in recent years : drugs that reduce portal pressure level and cash advance in endoscopic technique ( multi - band linker ) are some of the therapeutical options that have allowed this advance .
Given the limitations of existing treatments , raw possible curative mark are being seek to overrule the cirrhosis of the liver .
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