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Kawasaki disease is a childhood disease that lead to inflammation of blood vessels . It is also known as mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome and infantile periarteritis nodosa . The disease is named after a Japanese doctor Dr. Tomisaku Kawasaki who first reported the disease in children . The disease is mostly prevalent in Asian subcontinent , peculiarly Japan . The disease has a greater predilection of involve coronary arteries leading to coronary arteryaneurysms . However , it can also affect veins , capillaries , arterioles and other gravid arteries distribute throughout the trunk .
Can You Die From Kawasaki Disease?
Initially , it was considered to be a benignant disease , but recent information suggest that about 2 % hoi polloi sham by Kawasaki disease die of the unwellness . The death is subsequent tomyocardial infarctioncaused by thrombotic occlusion of coronary arterial blood vessel aneurysms . In most children who are diagnose and treat early , it run a benign course of instruction . However , mortality rates increase in untreated children or who have been diagnosed later in life.(1 )
Kawasaki has been recognized as the leading case of acquire heart disease in children younger than 5 years of long time in the United States , after travel by rheumatoid febrility . It is also a risk component relate with ischemic warmness disease in adults .
roughly 85 - 90 % children affected with Kawasaki disease are younger than 5 years and 90 - 95 % children affected are untried than 10 years . So , it is safe to say that it is a disease of children . Kawasaki disease is more common in Male than in females , with a proportion of around 1.5:1 and death related to serious complication are also more vernacular in males than in females .
Risk of developing cardiac complications is great in untreated cases , with just about 20 - 25 % affect by it . The treatment reduces the danger to about 3 - 5 % . Cardiac complication found in these children include aneurysm and diffuse coronary arterial blood vessel ectasis , myocardial infarction , valvulitis ( chiefly involve mitral valve ) , myocardial dysfunction orheart bankruptcy , pericarditis , pericardial effusions , systemic arteria aneurysms , coronary arteria aneurysm falling out .
The risk factors associated with the development of coronary artery aneurysm admit , fever for greater than 8 Clarence Day ( it is the most authoritative predictor ) , recurrence of pyrexia after an afebrile instalment of at least 2 day , male person sex , children younger than 1 yr of age , uncomplete Kawasaki disease display , cardiomegaly , delayed diagnosing , Asiatic , Pacific Islander and Latino ethnicity . Children younger than 6 months and older than 9 years with uncompleted Kawasaki disease presentation have poor disease outcome . This is due to the delay in diagnosing , which later leads to progress of symptom and increasing their severity conduce to less likelihood of successful treatment and development of complication .
Kawasaki disease is divided into complete and uncompleted course . The clinical features associated with the disease let in abrupt onset of prolonged high febrility ( 102 - 104 stage F ) unresponsive to treatment , diffuse maculopapular rash , changes in extremities ( erythema of the palm and soles , peeling of toes and fingers ) diffuse erythema involving the mouth and knife along with fissuring and bleeding of lips , bulbar conjunctivitis and cervical lymphadenopathy . If not diagnose to begin with , intragroup organs , such as heart may also be feign .
diagnosing of the disease is made by combination of the clinical presentations , which fulfil the standard for complete Kawasaki disease . Echocardiography is an important diagnostic tool for complete Kawasaki disease . However , other testing ground and mental imagery sketch are more utilitarian in the diagnosis of uncompleted Kawasaki and differentiating it from other diseases .
The finish of treatment is to carry off fever and fervour of the torso parts along with bar it from dissemble heart leading to coronary artery aneurysms and other cardiac complicatedness . Intravenous Immunoglobulin ( IVIG ) and aspirin is the linchpin of the treatment protocol . Empirin is used for its anti - pyretic effect as well as anti - inflammatory attribute . mass medium to high dose aspirin is chip in ab initio until the patient is afebrile , low-spirited dose Bayer is started after 2 - 3 days of febrility resolving power . IVIG is used for reducing of penetrating excitation and to reduce cardiac ramification from developing .
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