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Peripheral artery disease or PAD acquire when arteriosclerosis pass in the blood vessels of the legs , and the blood vessel become thin or clogged , causing deficient blood to flow to the legs . This can go to numbness , hurting , and coldness when walking .
As the disease progresses , you may be unable to walk ( intermittent claudication ) , or your legs may hurt even if you are standing . Further worsening Peripheral artery disease can cause ulcers and gangrene in the foot and severe cases may require surgery on the feet .
Also , sincearteriosclerosisprogresses systemically , arteriosclerosis in the legs leads to arteriosclerosis in the ticker and brain , which may run to angina , myocardial infarction , and stroke.(1)(2 )
Does Peripheral Artery Disease Affect Both Legs?
It varies among affected role . The pain can vary from temperate to extreme , and typically disappears a couple of minutes after resting the legs . Usually , both leg get at the same time dissemble but there may be more vivid pain in one leg.(2 )
Should You Elevate Your Legs If You Have PAD?
It is often intend that raising the invertebrate foot may help ease the pain . Rest generally help , but it can make the pain worse by raise your leg – like when you ’re lie in bed .
Causes Of Peripheral Artery Disease
As the great unwashed get sometime , parentage vessel become severe and brittle , but if you have lifestyle - tie in diseases such asdiabetes , hypertension , and hyperlipidemia , cholesterol will accumulate inside the artery ( lumen ) and the blood vessels will be weight down . It will continue to become hard and more brickly with further cholesterol accruement .
Eventually , the inside of the origin vessel narrow , causing pitiful origin rate of flow and a condition called “ arteriosclerosis ” .
When arteriosclerosis causes pitiful stemma flow , the pipe organ and muscles may put up from oxygen deficiency and nutritionary disorders , result in trauma . coronary artery disease can occur in any artery throughout the body , and the foot is no exception .
Among the arteries of the whole dead body , the arteries that principally cede blood to the limbs are called “ peripheral arteries ” . When arterial sclerosis develops in this peripheral artery , poor circulation occurs in the limbs .
As a result , numbness , pain , and exacerbate intermittent lameness can guide to ulcers and , in stark subject , gangrene . Peripheral arteria disease with these symptoms is the most common case of peripheral vascular disease.(1 )
Clinical Symptoms Of Peripheral Artery Disease
Lower limb pain after walking and the ability to walk again after a myopic quietus ( intermittent gimp ) is a characteristic symptom , which account for about 70 to 80 % of the main complaints of affected role . In fast walk , walkingon slopes and steps , ischaemic symptom are more potential to take place in the beginning because of the atomic number 8 demand of tissues increment .
what is more , if ischaemia progress and collateral circulation is not well developed , symptom will appear at rest . Special aid is required when the ulcer or gangrene of the lower extremity is complicated by infection or injury of the low member , and the symptoms rapidly deteriorate.(3 )
Diagnosis Of Peripheral Artery Disease
Doppler stethoscope is a utile tool to evaluate peripheral arterial blood flow than by palpation . The ankle - brachial atmospheric pressure exponent ( ABI ) is the most unremarkably used evaluation method , and the normal time value is 1.0 to 1.3 . Below 0.9 , some ischemia is suspected and below 0.4 is severe .
The most important thing to differentiate are thrombo - angiitis obliterans ( Buerger ’s disease ) and cauda equina neuropathy tie in with lumbar spinal canal stricture .
Treatment For Peripheral Artery Disease
It is important to meliorate the symptom of the lower limb , maintain their function , prevent the progression to spartan ischaemia , and reduce the peril of cardiovascular consequence such as myocardial infarction and intellectual infarction . Therefore , the aim is to ameliorate smoke habits , control hypertension , and control of dyslipidemia and improve life style riding habit and drug therapy .
Although β - blocker have been refrained from use in patients with Peripheral artery disease due to concerns about worsening lameness , they have not been proven to be bad in randomized trials , and are used for the treatment of hypertension in Peripheral artery disease patients with coronary artery disease in expectation of a cardioprotective event .
Also , regular usage is recommend because it is anticipate to increase blood stream in the lower limbs due to confirmative circulation evolution . Antiplatelet drugs , especially acetylsalicylic acid , reduce cardiovascular case . Cilostazol is known to decrease the recurrence of numbness and meliorate the quality of life.(4 )
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