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Charcot Marie Tooth disease , also have intercourse as transmitted sensory and motor neuropathy , is a group of disorders that damages the peripheral nerves . Peripheral mettle move as a connecting medium between the central nervous system ( brain and spinal electric cord ) and the musculus and the centripetal cell that help in detection of sensation include ghost , passion , pain , and auditory sensation . The severity of symptom leads to reformist worsening of the peripheral nerves resulting in modification or departure of sense experience and atrophy of brawniness of various moved parts of the dead body , mostly , the feet , legs , and hands . Although the disease can hap at any point in life , it is most unremarkably seen in adolescence and other adulthood.(1 )

How Does Charcot Marie Tooth Affect The Body?

The symptom vary in severity and eld of attack from someone to person and are different even in family line members . The symptoms rank from mild to severe ; most people ordinarily have a restrained disability . On very rare occasions , it can become life - threatening ; however , in most representative , it does not pretend the biography anticipation of a individual .

Charcot Marie Tooth disease causes muscular tissue atrophy of the foot and foot deformities include foot cavus ( high arched animal foot ) , pe planus ( matted base ) or hammertoe ( curled toes ) . It also leads to difficultness flexing the base and walk on the blackguard of the foot , which results in steppage gait ( high stepped gait ) . These abnormality predispose a person to increased risk of fall , tripping and ankle injuries . With the worsening of the disease , muscleman weakening and wasting of low ramification are pronounced ; however , it rarely leads to wheelchair use.(1 )

The hoi polloi with Charcot Marie Tooth disease may also sound off of weakness in hands that may lead to difficulty with daily tasks , such as authorship , buttoning and turning doorknobs . They also have keep down sensitivity to heating plant , cold , jot in metrical unit and abject legs ; they can also have occasional bother or burn sensations . In very rare occasion , they may also develop vision loss or reformist hearing loss that may ultimately cause deafness.(1 )

What Triggers Charcot Marie Tooth Disease?

Charcot Marie Tooth disease is primarily triggered by a transmissible abnormality that can be inherit in an autosomal dominant , autosomal recessive or X - link up prevailing design . The genetic transmission of the genes depends on the traits of chromosomes meet from both the father and female parent . Genetic disorder are either recessive or dominant . The recessionary disorderliness is one in which two abnormal genes should be inherited from each parent for the disease to be unmistakable ; whereas , dominantly inherit disorder ask only one gene from either of the parents to show the symptom of the disease . X - unite prevailing genetic disorders are caused due to an abnormal factor on the cristal chromosome . Charcot Marie Tooth ( CMT ) hereditary neuropathy is divided into CMT-1 , CMT-2 , CMT-3 , CMT-4 and CMT - X.(2 )

CMT-1 is the most common case and is an autosomal rife disorderliness that is associate with deceleration of face conduction due to disruption of function and body structure of myelin sheath . CMT-1 is further subdivided into CMT-1A , CMT-1B , CMT-1C , CMT-1D and CMT-1X depending on specific abnormalcy in the gene . CMT-1A is the most common type of CMT-1 that is because of an abnormality on the PMP22 gene located on chromosome 17 at 17p11.2.(2 )

CMT-2 is an autosomal dominant disorder in which the mettle conductivity speed is normal or slightly slower than normal . It is because of an freakishness in the structure and function of axon and is further subdivided into CMT-2A to CMT-2L. Dominant Intermediate CMT ( DI - CMT ) has an average conduction velocity due to uncertainty related to whether it is axonal or demyelinating type . CMT-3 , also known as Dejerine - Sottas disease , has a gene mutation in one of the gene of CMT-1A , CMT-1B , CMT-1D or CMT4 . CMT-4 is an autosomal recessive and is further subdivided into CMT-4A , CMT-4B1 , CMT-4B2 , CMT-4C , CMT-4D , CMT-4E and CMT-4F. CMT - X is due to X - link up autosomal prevalent inheritance practice and CMT - X1 write up for about 90 % of CMT - X. CMT-2 also has an autosomal recessionary inheritance.(2 )

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