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Topic Overview
Schizophrenia is a chronic morbid condition affecting the brain characterized by periods of delusion , hallucinations , distorted thought process , mental confusion , want of centering , and concentration trouble . It is think that around 1 - 2 % of the universe in the United States suffer from this disease . As of now , there is no cure for Schizophrenia but inquiry is ongoing to find raw ways of discourse to make the tone of life of patient much better.[1 ]
Among the extensive research that is being done to go into more astuteness about the etiology and causative factors for this consideration , several things have come to lighting .
Among these is the inter-group communication between nicotine dependence and schizophrenia . There are various studies that suggest that schizophrenic tend to have highnicotine dependence . They habituate smoke as a way of ego - medicating themselves to get rid of the deficits they have as a upshot of this disease . They palpate that with smoking they can manage some of the deficit they have like deficiency of motive and lethargy or problems with focus and concentration.[2 ]
Research advise that nicotine has some effect on the operation of the prefrontal cortex which is the area of the wit that is creditworthy for decision making and memory . It is this orbit of the learning ability that is affected the most in people with dementia praecox . This article goes into contingent the effects that nicotine has on the wit in people with schizophrenia and what is the link between this condition and nicotine.[2 ]
How Nicotine Can Help In Treating Schizophrenia?
Research suggests that there is a significant decrease in natural process of the prefrontal lens cortex in the brain in people with dementia praecox . It is this area of the wit that not only is responsible for for trouble solving and memory but also keeps the eubstance calm in stressful conditions . A fresh discipline published recently in the journal Nature Medicine has made a suggestion that nicotine actually may be able to help people with schizophrenia.[3 ]
research worker from University of Colorado along with a team of researchers from Paris go down out to study the effort of the decreased activity of the prefrontal cortex and how is nicotine linked to an improvement of the role of this area of brain . They also analyse the association of the CHRNA5 factor genetic mutation with schizophrenia . They analyzed various previous studies which substantiated a clear tie-in between the mutation of the CHRNA5 gene , smoking , and schizophrenia.[3 ]
The investigator observed from analyzing the data that nearly 90 % of people diagnosed with schizophrenia were active heavy smokers . They also observe a link between the butt fume per day to the polymorphic variation of the CHRNA5 gene . The head that was in the head of all the investigator was whether the symptoms see in schizophrenic , especially those related to memory , focus , and concentration , were touch off by this gene variation and if so how nicotine can assist in block off this process.[3 ]
For this , they conducted enquiry on mouse mannikin that had CHRNA5 gene and show behavioral problem in social interactions . Specifically , they study the mouse that had individual - base polymorphism in CHRNA5 factor , which is known to increase the danger of smoking and schizophrenia . They made role of mentality tomography technique and keep that the mice clearly had symptoms seen in people with schizophrenia . There was diminish neuronal function as that seen in people with this disease.[3 ]
The research worker then administered nicotine in the mice and observed for any change in the neural activity . They were surprised to see that there was a complete reversal of neuronal action and a spectacular change in the symptom . In fact , there was meaning betterment in the cognitive function of the shiner mannikin . The researchers consider that this was why schizophrenic who smoke tended to find improvement in their stipulation after smoking.[3 ]
The researchers are of the opinion that this determination will pave the path for a non - addictive nicotine based handling for citizenry with schizophrenia . They feel that the study is conclusive enough and substantiates that a specific genetical variant increases the risk of this condition with a clearly defined mechanics and that nicotine has the power to lift its effects.[3 ]
The research worker feel that along with schizophrenia , other psychological disorder linked to minify prefrontal cortex activeness like attention deficit disorder , PTSD , and bipolar disorder can all be helped with non - habit-forming nicotine based treatments . The researchers believe that it is a vast medical maturation and may hold the tonality to succeeding evolution of a handling for condition like schizophrenia.[3 ]
In conclusion , schizophrenia is a chronic upset of the brain that is characterized by delusions , hallucinations , and cognitive deadening . Studies have suggested that schizophrenia patient have a decreased activity of the prefrontal cortex which is the arena of the brain used for memory , conclusion devising , and even keeping the body calmness in stressful situations.[2,3 ]
Studies also show that most of the hoi polloi with schizophrenic disorder incline to be heavy smokers as they find cigarettes to be of vast help in sedate down their symptoms . With this in idea , extensive research was carried out in mouse models . The results of the report showed that nicotine actually increased neuronal activity in the prefrontal cortex and improved the cognitive symptoms in black eye models.[2,3 ]
This clearly established that nicotine in fact can help masses with Schizophrenia . In fact , it has opened up new channel for a non - habit-forming nicotine base handling for multitude not only with schizophrenic disorder but with other upset yoke to decreased bodily process of the prefrontal cortex likeADHD , PTSD , andbipolar disorder.[2,3 ]
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