This article on Epainassist.com has been reviewed by a medical master , as well as checked for facts , to assure the readers the well possible accuracy .
We follow a strict editorial insurance and we have a zero - tolerance policy regarding any level of plagiarism . Our clause are resourced from reputable on-line pageboy . This clause may comprise scientific consultation . The numbers in the excursus ( 1 , 2 , 3 ) are clickable golf links to peer - reviewed scientific paper .
The feedback link “ Was this clause Helpful ” on this pageboy can be used to report depicted object that is not exact , up - to - particular date or questionable in any manner .
This clause does not offer aesculapian advice .
Theparotid glandis the largest of all the major salivary glands(1 ) .
The most common reason for parotidectomy is a neoplasm in the parotid gland(2 ) .
Is Parotidectomy A Major Surgery & How Long Does It Take?
Since parotid glands are located in an esthetically demanding zone , i.e. , the face , it is important to make the surgical incision considering the esthetics of a person . However , parotidectomy is associated with very minuscule morbidity and mortality . Complications associated with parotidectomy let in temporary / lasting facial paralysis , Frey syndrome(sweatingon the stirred side during chewing ) , infections , salivary sinus , seroma , and hematoma(1 ) .
Parotidectomy is performed under cosmopolitan anesthesia and the surgical procedure usually takes around 1 - 2 hours . The operative incision takes about 6 weeks to mend ; however , the complete remodeling of the cicatrix continues for a couple of years . curt term and long - term follow - up are necessary with an ENT doctor(2 ) , ( 4 ) .
Parotid glands are a pair of salivary glands locate in front of the pinna . They are the enceinte among the major salivary glands . The facial nerve divide the parotid gland into a superficial and a mysterious portion . The parotid secretor secretes thin , watery spit without any mucus via its duct known as Stensen duct inside the cheek opposite the upper second grinder tooth(1 ) .
What Are The Reasons For Parotid Enlargement?
The parotid gland can be enlarged due to various reasonableness divided into non - neoplastic masses and neoplastic masses . Non - neoplastic heap go to parotid expansion include cysts , fervor of parotid secreter ( parotitis ) , collagen vascular disease , lymph node enlargement ( for example inAIDS ) , benignant hypertrophy ( e.g. inbulimia , sarcoidosis , actinomycosis , sialosis and mycobacterial infection ) . Non - neoplastic masses consist of 25 % whereas neoplastic pot make up relief 75 % of all parotid masses . 80 % of all the parotid tumour are benign and the rest 20 % are malignant(3 ) .
The most usual benign tumour of the parotid gland is the pleomorphic adenoma ( motley neoplasm ) found in about 80 % of the cases . Other benign tumors include Warthin tumor ( papillose cystadenoma lymphomatosum ) , oleaginous tumors , monomorphic tumors , oncocytoma , benignant lymphoepithelial lesion , and papillary ductal adenoma ( papillary tumour ) . Benign tumors are mostly seen in females , except for Warthin tumors . citizenry in their fifth decennary of life are most usually affected . Although salivary secreter tumor are rare in children , they have a high propensity for malignant tumor when compare to adults(1 ) .
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is the vulgar malignant tumour , which accounts for just about 30 % of all parotid gland malignancies . Other malignant tumors include adenoid cystic carcinoma , carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma , glandular carcinoma , acinic electric cell carcinoma , salivary duct carcinoma , chief squamous cubicle carcinoma , sebaceous carcinoma , lymphoma , malignant fibrohistiocytoma , and metastasis in parotid from other sites ( tegument , lung , kidneys , knocker , GI tract and prostate gland gland malignancies)(3 ) .
Diagnosis Of Parotid Neoplasms
It is of utmost importance to differentiate non - neoplastic mass from neoplasms and benignant tumor from malignant ones . This embodies complete story , physical examination , and imaging study . Clinical intro includes painless mass in > 80 % of the case , botheration associated with the mass in 30 % patients , facial heart weakness , or palsy in 7 - 20 % of malignant tumour . hurting increase the likeliness of malignant neoplasm and facial nerve paralysis , which is almost always associated with malignant tumour , is associated with a poor forecast . Fine acerate leaf breathing in , centre biopsy , sonography , sialography , CT scan , andMRIall service in reaching a authoritative diagnosis of the parotid mass(3 ) .
Management Of Parotid Gland Tumors
The direction of benign parotid tumors let in complete operative excision of the mass love as parotidectomy . Since most of the tumors are found in the trivial lobe of the parotid gland , superficial parotidectomy is the treatment of option . The handling of parotid malignancy is also complete excision of the neoplasm peck follow ( if indicated ) by radiation therapy . Tumors in the recondite lobe necessitate total parotidectomy . saving of facial nerve is an important retainer in parotidectomy as it traverses through the parotid gland and its injury might lead to complication of facial paralysis(1 ) , ( 3 ) .
References :
