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Spinal stricture is abnormally narrowed spinal canal that may occur anywhere in thorn causing limitation and insistency to spinal cord and mettle originating from spinal cord resulting in neurological deficits.1Spinal corduroy gets peg down at vertebral duct , which is a foramen between vertebrae where spinal cord passes through . Spinal stenosis is usually cause by habiliment and tear change in the backbone due to aging . In some people , spinal stricture may not make any symptom ; in others symptoms normally present are pain , numbness , paresthesia and deprivation of motor control . Spinal stricture is of three types : Lumbar stenosis , cervical stricture and thoracic spinal stenosis.2Lumbar spinal stenosisis by far most vulgar , but cervical spinal stenosis is potentially serious precondition , since it involve compression of spinal cord . Very seldom is thoracic spinal stenosis build up . surgical process is recommended in severe cases of spinal stricture to create extra space for the spinal cord or the nerves .
Classification and Types of Spinal Stenosis
Pathophysiology of Spinal Stenosis
spinal anaesthesia stricture is usually induce due to degenerative disease of the acantha moderate to reduced diam of the spinal canal and narrowing of the sidelong respite and neural foramina.4Spinal stenosis may also be due to hypertrophy of the bones and ligaments , intervertebral disk swelling andspondylolisthesis . compaction of the cauda equina and the exiting nerve root cause the leg symptom . symptom of claudication are caused due to the reduction of the sagittal diam of the primal epithelial duct and conduct to compression of the exiting heart source . Radicular symptom are due to narrowing of the sidelong recess and neural hiatus . Disc degeneracy changes the mechanic of the intervertebral disc and the facet joints . As the saucer loses water and the power to withstand burden , greater load is placed on the facet joints causing rheumy changes leading to synovitis , articulary gristle degeneration and articular control surface magnification .
retrogression of the facet joints further make stress on the discs , internal disc disruption and development of osteophytes . Degenerative changes can be seen on x - ray , CT scan or MRI . mechanically skillful densification and inadequate blood flow and oxygenation of the nervus roots or cauda equina may causeradiculopathyand neurogenic limping . resist and walk transiently raise lordosis , leading to increase in stricture and symptom . Whereas forward flexion and posing opens the canal , improves blood catamenia and relieves symptom . Degenerative change of the spine is a part of ageing . These changes start when hoi polloi are in their 20s . Lumbar stenosis causes retrogression of the posterior element leading to anterior slippage of the superior vertebral consistence resulting in spondylolisthesis . This occurs commonly at the L4 - L5 level and increases the underlie spinal canal stricture . These degenerative change within the disc and facets produce low-down back pain . Symptomatic lumbar stenosis is most vulgar at L4 - L5 , then L3 - L4 , L2 - L3 and least at L5 - S1 .
Causes and Risk Factors of Spinal Stenosis
Signs and Symptoms of Spinal Stenosis
Treatment for Spinal Stenosis
Investigations for Spinal Stenosis
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