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In healthy individuals , parvovirus B19 infection has a very low deathrate rate.(1 )
In immunocompromised patients ’ persistence of parvovirus B19 may stimulate virgin red cell aplasia and chronic anemia.(2 )
What Diseases Does Parvovirus B19 Cause & How Long Can Parvovirus Last In Humans?
Parvovirus B19 causes a variety of disease both in hefty and immunocompromised people . The most vulgar disease that B19V is assort with is erythema infectiosum . It is also known as thefifth diseaseorslapped cheek diseasedue to the same coming into court of ‘ slap cheek ’ in septic children . The prodromal symptom includefever , headache , insensate , andnausea . They are keep up by facial erythema with some field of lividness in the cheek surface area . After 1 - 4 days later , efflorescence appear in the trunk and limbs , which may be transient or recurrent . The rash is in the form of pink yellow spot and is lacy or reticular in appearance with central fading generate a festooned appearing . The rash may also be accompany byitching , scalydermatitis , and vesicle formation . The rash may repeat and last for several weeks and be fall by sunshine , exercise , and stress.(2 )
B19V has also been relate with an atypical roseola in grownup . B19V may also manifest as peliosis , erythema multiforme , or itchiness of the soles of the feet . It resembles a papular - purpuric gloves - and - socks syndrome ( PPGSS ) of the hands and feet with a trenchant security deposit at the wrist and ankle joints . PPGSS is primarily see in youthful adults and may demonstrate as painful redness and induration of the hands and metrical foot in the initial stages . It resolve in 1 - 3 week without any scar formation.(1 )
In adult B19V infection ( < 10 % of fry affected ) is relate with transient pocket-size joint arthropathy . Most of the patients only complain of pain , but some may progress to arthritis . B19V is not associate with chronic degenerative arthritis and the symptom may last 1 - 3 weeks or perhaps month . The knee joint is the most commonly affected joint.(1 )
B19V may also taint significant women and do hydrops fetalis , which may be assort with abortion , congenital anemia , or stillbirth or may result in a ego - limiting asymptomatic episode . 11 - 23 weeks of gestation is associated with the untoward foetal outcome after B19V infection in significant women.(2 )
B19V contagion also induces thrombocytopenia ( mostly in child ) and may result in subclinical or overt thrombopenia . It is associate with most character of idiopathic thrombocytopenic peliosis ( ITP ) . In some children , the disease may occur for a brief duration whereas in some it may become chronic.(2 )
B19V causes other disease in tidy humans , including transitory erythroblastopenia ( TEC ) and neutropenia . TEC may lead to red cellphone aplasia and other cytopenias in children . It may also be associated with transient aplastic crisis , neurologic diseases , myocarditis , and hepatitis . It is also suggest in various diseases includingKawasaki disease , purpura , thrombotic renal graft microangiopathy , Henoch - Schonlein purpura , Raynaud ’s phenomenon , polyarteritis nodosa , systemic lupus erythematosus , dermatomyositis , Behcet ’s disease , severepneumonia , acuteglomerulonephritis , andconjunctivitis.(2 )
In immunocompromised patient , it is associated with chronic pure red cell aplasia , AIDS(B19V - induced anaemia ) , acute lymphatic leukemia , and computer virus - connect hemophagocytic syndrome . All in all , in immunocompetent patients the virus contagion is abbreviated with the development of antibody while in immunocompromised patient the virus is tie in with chronic diseases.(2 )
Parvovirus B19 ( B19V ) of the Parvoviridae family is a single - stranded DNA computer virus that is the only known pathogen to humans . The brooding period of the computer virus ranges from 4 - 14 day to as long as 3 weeks from the initial infection . B19V infection is very vulgar in youngster as well as grownup and the relative incidence of the virus in adults > 60 years is approximately 90 % . In otherwise healthy fry and grownup , B19V infection is associated with very grim mortality rate rate . The infection is very common in youthful children who then transmit the infection to their siblings and parents . The infection shows the seasonal variation with a flower during the late wintertime and early spring.(1 )
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