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What is Dysdiadochokinesia?
Dysdiadochokinesia is a medical condition where the patient has difficultness in perform prompt and flip-flop movements.1Dysdiadochokinesia commonly is abbreviated as DDK . In this condition the patient ’s ability to do speedy and alternating crusade get afflicted . The drive of Dysdiadochokinesia is usually lesion on the posterior lobe of the cerebellum , which form it hard to become the antagonise group of muscles on and off.2The diagnosis of this condition is made after the patient is told to perform a sequence of round-eyed social movement , such as have it off on a light bulb , turning a door knob , or rub the shin bone using the polar dog . Patients suffering from dysdiadochokinesia wo n’t be able to do them promptly or steadily .
Dysdiadochokinesia is also known as dysdiadochokinesia , dysdiadochokinesia , dysdiadochokinesia and is derived from the Hellenic give-and-take , “ diadochos ” which means “ succeeding , ” and “ kinesis ” which means “ movement . ”
Adiadochokinesia is a medical condition where the patient is wholly unable to do speedy and flip drive .
Causes of Dysdiadochokinesia
Dysdiadochokinesia is one of the characteristics of cerebellar ataxia and ataxic dysarthria . The cause is often wound to either the head-on lobe or the cerebellar hemispheres or can be a combination of both . Dysdiadochokinesia occurs due to inability to switch on and switch off the antagonizing muscle group in a interconnected mode . Dysdiadochokinesia also come withmultiple sclerosis3andFriedreich ’s ataxiaand motor speech disorder ( dysarthria ) .
Signs & Symptoms for Dysdiadochokinesia
Diagnosis of Dysdiadochokinesia
Before commencing the treatment , the diagnosis is made by performing serial of exam on the patient to evaluate the extent of this disease .
MRI Scan : This imagination tryout is done to notice the lesion present in cerebellum .
peak - to - Point Movement Evaluation : Patient is told to move their forefinger and rival their nozzle with it and then bear on the outstretched finger of the analyst with the same finger . The patient is tell to do these drive rapidly .
Rapidly Alternating Movement Evaluation : The patient is tell to come out the dorsum of one hand against another hand or second joint . Then patient is tell to move his hand back again to ribbon side up ; and then to continuously do the handwriting flipping as fast as possible .
Romberg Test : The patient ’s balance is check over by telling them to stand still and keep open their heels together .
Gait Test : The patient is tell to take the air ordinarily and then walk heel to toe . The doctor checks the patient ’s foot to see if its function is normal or not .
Plantar Reflex Test or Babinski Test : This test is a very important exam where the patient is prick up using a pointed fall and the patient ’s unvoluntary action at law is match .
Clonus Test : Patient is give upwards and downwards apparent movement of the leg or a knee - jerk to assess the automatic action .
Heel Shin Test : The patient role is distinguish to place one pegleg over the second leg to assess the patient ’s brain coordination organization .
Achilles Reflex Test : In this mental testing , the affected role ’s ft is touched with a cold object to check the innate reflex .
Treatment for Dysdiadochokinesia
Exercises for Dysdiadochokinesia
Warm up Exercises : This should be done with at least 5 second of uninterrupted activity , such as running , jogging , arm bike , riding , tread-wheel etc . Doing warm up before actual practise help in increasing the temperature of the muscleman and torso , increase the kitchen range of motion , decreasing stiffness , dilating the blood vessel and helping with mental co - ordination .
residuum education : This physical exertion can be done for 20 transactions . Modified Lee Silverman LVST program was developed for patients suffer from Parkinson ’s disease and this exercise can also help affected role with Dysdiadochokinesia , as it involves moving the patient ’s arms and legs in a coordinated manner . These movements can be done while standing and sitting , and they help in take exception the patient ’s symmetry in a secure way .
Romberg Exercise : The Dysdiadochokinesia patient is told to stand with feet together , tandem and semi - tandem , with the eyes keep open overt for 10 seconds , and then the patient role is secernate to close eyes for 10 endorsement in each view .
Unilateral Stance : For adults , the received method acting is to stand on one leg for about 30 seconds . This can be repeated over and over again for improvement . There are different method through which the patient can mould on and gainsay his / her balance by betroth visual , somato - receptive cognitive and vestibular systems . Surface and stimuli can be changed to provoke postural reactions and counterpoise strategies , by standing with foot together , then stand with the feet asunder and standing on one stage etc .
fortify Exercises : These exercises for Dysdiadochokinesia can be done for about 25 minutes . Our brawniness lastingness decreases with eld and doing strength preparation syllabus avail in increase the gloomy extremity strength and operable balance power . All the exercises should be done at a slow tread and with complete range of motion . grant to studies , keep up a brawniness contraction while performing through arrant range of move assist in releasing dystrophin , which helps in building the strength of the muscles .
There can be proximal weakness in the upper extremities , especially in the shoulders , which are a morsel weaker than the elbow or hands in patient with ataxia . So , Dysdiadochokinesia affected role should boil down on work these muscles first . The position should also be changed when exercising . For example , when doing leg exercises , do n’t just do them while lying down on the mat , but also do them while sitting and standing . If the patient is not able to stand severally , then resist with support and performing these exercises with arms also help in activating dissimilar group of muscles . If the affected role is wheelchair border , then even just changing the surface by sit in a unlike electric chair also helps in activating different muscles while exercising the upper extremities .
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