Morphea is a skin upset that is characterized by localized inflammation and fibrosis of the skin due to increased output of collagen by fibroblasts . It is a less severe form of scleroderma and is also known as localized genus Scleroderma . Systemic dermatosclerosis is the more severe form of scleroderma . Systemic sclerosis is causes thickening of the skin of fingers and toes roll in the hay as sclerodactyly , nail fold capillary , Raynaud ’s phenomenon , telangiectasia , fibrosis and vascular changes of internal organs .
What Triggers Morphea?
For the most part , the cause of morphea still remains unknown . Although , no definitive aetiology has been identified , it is established that it is not contagious , infective or malignant and is neither hereditary . There have been various possibility surround morphea etiologies and triggers , which include autoimmunity , vascular irregularities , infection , cancer or lymphoma , radiation , genetics , medication , vaccination and chemicals .
Autoimmunity is the unnatural reply of the body when autoantibody start attacking body ’s own respectable cells and tissue . Autoimmunity is the most vulgar speculation concern to morphea and has been linked to other autoimmune diseases and considered a part of MAS ( multiple autoimmune syndromes ) . Other autoimmune condition linked to it are vasculitis , vitiligo , Hashimoto ’s thyroiditis , autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura . Approximately 40 % of patients with grievous word form of morphea have been associated with personal or family history of autoimmune diseases .
Several studies have link up Borrelia burgdorferi ( Lyme ’s disease ) to morphea and Toxoplasma gondii contagion is also link up with localized morphea . Several case field of study also account of a link between MT - electric cell lymphoma caused due to HTLV-1 virus infection . This virus has been associated with guttate form of morphea .
Radiation has been a plebeian induction for morphea and several case study have yoke these two . radiotherapy Emily Price Post malignant neoplastic disease is the most rough-cut initiation . Morphea could occur either in the law of proximity of the irradiation or distant to irradiation .
Although , it is not passed from parents to offspring , it has been colligate to sure genes that may touch off the disease ; hence , it is supposed to have genetic predisposition . Localized transmitted factors have been identified , such as cutaneous mosaicism has been sleep together to affect linear morphea .
Medications have also been join to increase the chances of morphea and these include valproic dot L tryptophan .
vaccination , such as pneumococcal vaccination and injectant , such as bleomycin and silicone polymer have been found to cause morphea . principal atrophic solitary morphea profunda and lipoatrophy like lesions have been found related to vaccination and injectant at the web site of injection .
Organic dissolvent and chemicals have been known to trip morphea . Patients exhibit to occupational organic solution and silica dust and premature ventricular contraction were at a higher risk of educate morphea .
double trauma , detrition and penetrating injury have also been linked to vascular and connective tissue paper changes leading to morphea .
Although , it is still not clear how these induction bring about alteration in vascular system and connective tissue paper metabolism and top to morphea . There is still ongoing inquiry and researchers hypothesize that there are a number of agent leading to such changes .
Morphea is three times more vernacular in female than in male person and affects approximately 3 out of a million citizenry . The patches of morphea can be seen mostly in the abdomen , chest of drawers , back , extremities and on rarified occasions on the face and scalp .
Morphea is classified look on the localization and involvement of the underlying tissue , and include focalise or circumscribe morphea , generalised morphea , linear morphea , and pansclerotic morphea . localize morphea involve the outer cutaneous layer limited to one or several patches . generalised morphea involves a magnanimous area of skin . Linear morphea is a running streak that may affect the out skin along with deeper layers , let in muscle and bone . Pansclerotic morphea is more dangerous form of morphea that affects the out level along with the connective tissue , muscles and ivory . This form of morphea has a tendency to stimulate deformity and handicap of the involve part , such as if a limb is involved then it may lead to limit of motion of that arm .
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